FOOTNOTES ON HOUSING
Where housing is concerned, we find ourselves swirling in binaries. Housing builds communities at the same time as it makes us feel alienated from them. Home ownership or an affordable, long-term lease are the foundations of stability, while homelessness is the ultimate precarity. Housing is a human right, but often feels like a fluke of luck. New technologies allow us to build smart homes, impervious to all elements; at the same time, cities are crumbling under the weight of foreclosures, failed infrastructure, climate change, and war. Housing is so many things at once; it is a mess of contradictions deeply intertwined with larger social, political, cultural, and economic forces. But as a result, by reading housing, communal conditions—shared across neighborhoods, countries, and continents—begin to become legible.
Columbia’s Graduate School of Architecture, Planning, and Preservation has a long history of engaging questions of housing, and of doing so from many different angles. At Columbia Books on Architecture and the City, we hope to add—through books like Unhoused by Matt Waggoner, the Transcripts on Housing series, and even The Empire Remains Shop by Cooking Sections and Columbia in Manhattanville—another dimension to this discussion. Pulling citations from books we have published and more, these footnotes annotate the simultaneity of housing’s many valences: HOUSING IS BOTH/AND.
1. Iñaki Ábalos, The Good Life: A Guided Visit to the Houses of Modernity, trans. Paul Hammond (Zurich: Park Books, 2017). 1
2. Bêka & Lemoine, dirs., Selling Dreams (Bêka & Partners, 2016). 2
3. Walter Benjamin, The Arcades Project, trans. Howard Eiland and Kevin McLaughlin (Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 1999). 3
4. Homi Bhabha, “The World and the Home,” Social Text 31/32 (1992): 141–153. 4
5. Peter Cachola Schmal, Oliver Elser, and Anna Scheuermann, eds., Making Heimat: Germany, Arrival Country (Berlin: Hatje Cantz, 2016). 5
6. Lluís Alexandre Casanovas Blanco, Ignacio G. Galán, Carlos Mínguez Carrasco, Alejandra Navarrete Llopis, and Marina Otero Verzier, eds., After Belonging: The Objects, Spaces, and Territories of the Ways We Stay in Transit (Zurich: Lars Müller Publishers, 2016). 6
7. Ta-Nehisi Coates, “The Case for Reparations,” The Atlantic, June 2014, http://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2014/06/the-case-for-reparations/ 361631. 7
8. Elizabeth Collins Cromley, Alone Together: A History of New York’s Early Apartments (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1990). 8
9. Mike Eliason, “Baugruppen” series, The Urbanist (May 2014), https://www.theurbanist.org/category/baugruppen. 9
10. Paul Haggis, dir., Show Me a Hero, 6 episodes, written by David Simon and William F. Zorzi (HBO, 2015). 10
11. Dianne Harris, Little White Houses: How the Postwar Home Constructed Race in America (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2012). 11
12. Martin Heidegger, “Building, Dwelling, Thinking,” in Poetry, Language, Thought, trans. Albert Hofstadter (New York: Harper Collins, 1971). 12
13. Hilde Heynen, Architecture and Modernity: A Critique (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1999). 13
14. Alfred Hitchcock, dir., Rebecca (United Artists, 1940). 14
15. bell hooks, Belonging: A Culture of Place (New York: Routledge, 2009). 15
16. Jane Jacobs, The Death and Life of Great American Cities (New York: Random House, 1961). 16
17. Amy Kaplan, “Homeland Insecurities: Some Reflections on Language and Space,” Radical History Review 85 (Winter 2003), 82–93. 17
18. Cédric Klapisch, dir., L’Auberge Espagnole (Mars/Filmax International, 2002). 18
19. Sarah Lynn Lopez, “The Remittance House: Dream Homes at a Distance,” in The Remittance Landscape: Spaces of Migration in Rural Mexico and Urban USA (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2015). 19
20. Mary McLeod, “‘To Make Something With Nothing’: Le Corbusier’s Proposal for Refugee Housing—Les Construction ‘Murondins,’” Journal of Architecture 23, no. 3, “The Modern Village” (April 2018): 421–447. 20
21. Georges Perec, Life A User’s Manual (1978; Boston: D. R. Godine, 1987). 21
22. Richard Plunz, A History of Housing in New York City (New York: Columbia University Press, 1992). 22
23. Ilka Ruby, Andreas Ruby, Mateo Kries, Mathias Müller, and Daniel Niggli, eds., Together! The New Architecture of the Collective (Berlin: Ruby Press, 2017). 23
24. A. K. Sandoval-Strausz, Hotel: An American History (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2008). 24
1. Morgan Adamson, “Anthropocene Realism,” The New Inquiry, November 30, 2015, https://thenewinquiry.com/anthropocene-realism. 1
2. Giorgio Agamben, Homo Sacer: Sovereign Power and Bare Life, trans. Daniel Heller-Roazen (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1998). 2
3. Sean Baker, dir., The Florida Project (A24, 2017). 3
4. Christian Berkes, ed., Welcome to AirSpace: How New Economies of Living and Sharing Reshape Dwelling, Architecture, Labor, and the Self (On Airbnb, Uber, Facebook,…) (Berlin: Botopress, 2016). 4
5. Lauren Berlant, Cruel Optimism (Durham: Duke University Press, 2011). 5
6. Adrienne Brown and Valerie Smith, eds., Race and Real Estate (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016). 6
7. Judith Butler, Precarious Life: The Powers of Mourning and Violence (New York: Verso, 2004). 7
8. Leith Deacon, Jacob W. Papineau, and Trina Lamanes, “Transiency, Fly-in-fly-out Workers, and Sustainability: Perceptions From Within a Resource-based Community,” WIT Transactions on Ecology and the Environment 226 (2017): 95–105. 8
9. Matthew Desmond, Evicted: Poverty and Profit in the American City (New York: Broadway Books, 2016). 9
10. Richard Eisenberg, “The Best Places to Retire Abroad in 2015,” Forbes, January 2, 2015. 10
11. Friedrich Engels, The Housing Question (London: Co-operative Publishing Society of Foreign Workers, 1872), https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1872/housing-question. 11
12. Hélène Frichot and Helen Runting, “The Promise of a Lack: Responding to (Her) Real Estate Career,” The Avery Review 8 (May 2015), https://averyreview.com/issues/8/the-promise-of-a-lack 12
13. Ruth Wilson Gilmore, Golden Gulag: Prisons, Surplus, Crisis, and Opposition in Globalizing California (Berkeley: University of California Press, 2007). 13
14. Lauren Greenfield, dir., The Queen of Versailles (Magnolia/Evergreen, 2012). 14
15. David Harvey, A Brief History of Neoliberalism (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007). 15
16. Candace Jackson, “The New American Dream Home Is One You Never Have to Leave,” New York Times, October 13, 2018. 16
17. Franz Kafka, Amerika: The Man Who Disappeared, trans. Michael Hofmann (1927; New York: New Directions, 2004). 17
18. Maurizio Lazzarato, Governing by Debt (Los Angeles: Semiotext(e), 2015). 18
19. Thomas Piketty, Capital in the Twenty-First Century, trans. Arthur Goldhammer (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2014). 19
20. Ananya Roy, “Dis/possessive Collectivism: Property and Personhood at City’s End,” Geoforum 80 (2017). 20
21. Jack Self and Shumi Bose, eds., Real Estates: Life Without Debt (London: Bedford Press, 2015). 21
22. Douglas Spencer, The Architecture of Neoliberalism: How Contemporary Architecture Became an Instrument of Control and Compliance (London: Bloomsbury Academic, 2016). 22
23. Virginia Woolf, A Room of One’s Own (London: Hogarth, 1929). 23
24. Keeanga-Yamahtta Taylor, “How Real Estate Segregated America,” Dissent, Fall 2018, https://www.dissentmagazine.org/article/how-real-estate-segregated-america-fair-housing-act-race. 24
1. Alex Andreou, “Anti-homeless spikes: ‘Sleeping rough opened my eyes to the city’s barbed cruelty,’” The Guardian, February 18, 2015. 1
2. Carol Aronovici, ed., America Can’t Have Housing (New York: Museum of Modern Art, 1934). 2
3. Beng Huat Chua, “Navigating Between Limits: The Future of Public Housing in Singapore,” Housing Studies 29, no. 4 (2014): 520–533. 3
4. Congressional Budget Office, “Federal Housing Assistance for Low-Income Households” (September 2015), http://www.cbo.gov/publication/50782. 4
5. Kenny Cupers, The Social Project: Housing Postwar France (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2014). 5
6. Adrian Forty, Objects of Desire: Design and Society, 1750–1980 (London: Thames and Hudson, 1986). 6
7. Michel Foucault, Security, Territory, Population: Lectures at the Collège de France, 1977–1978 (New York: Picador, 2007). 7
8. Jessie Hohmann, The Right to Housing: Laws, Concepts, Possibilities (Oxford: Hart Publishing, 2013). 8
9. Kenneth T. Jackson, Crabgrass Frontier: The Suburbanization of the United States (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1985). 9
10. John Locke, Second Treatise of Government (1689; Indianapolis: Hackett, 1980). 10
11. David Madden and Peter Marcuse, In Defense of Housing (New York: Verso, 2016). 11
12. Reinhold Martin, Jacob Moore, and Susanne Schindler, eds., The Art of Inequality: Architecture, Housing, and Real Estate (New York: Temple Hoyne Buell Center for the Study of American Architecture, 2015). 12
13. Luke Martinez, “Homeward Bound,” The New Inquiry, March 22, 2017, https://thenewinquiry.com/homeward-bound. 13
14. Karl Marx, Capital: A Critique of Political Economy, Vol. 1, trans. Ben Fowkes (1867; New York: Vintage, 1977). 14
15. Nas, Illmatic, Columbia Records CK 57684, 1994. CD. 15
16. Richard Rothstein, The Color of Law: A Forgotten History of How Our Government Segregated America (New York: Liveright Publishing, 2017). 16
17. United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights and UN-Habitat, The Right to Adequate Housing: Human Rights Fact Sheet, no. 21, rev. 1 (Geneva: United Nations, 2009). 17
18. Alexander Vasudevan, The Autonomous City: A History of Urban Squatting (New York: Verso, 2017). 18
19. Loïc Wacquant, “From Slavery to Mass Incarceration,” New Left Review 13 (January–February 2002), https://newleftreview.org/II/13/loic-wacquant-from-slavery-to-mass-incarceration. 19
20. Gwendolyn Wright, Building the Dream: A Social History of Housing in America (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1981). 20
1. Sara Ahmed, “A Phenomenology of Whiteness,” Feminist Theory 8, no. 2 (August 2007): 149–168. 1
2. åyr, “Catfish Homes: Airbnb and the Domestic Interior Photograph,” Rhizome, November 12, 2014. 2
3. Reyner Banham, “A Home Is Not a House,” Art in America 53, no. 2 (April 1965): 70–79. 3
4. Stephen J. Collier, Post-Soviet Social: Neoliberalism, Social Modernity, Biopolitics (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2011). 4
5. Elizabeth Denby, Europe Rehoused (London: G. Allen and Unwin, 1938). 5
6. Maya Dukmasova, “The Goldberg Variation: High-Rise Public Housing That Works,” The Chicago Reader, October 5, 2016. 6
7. Nadine El-Enany, “The Colonial Logic of Grenfell,” Verso Blog, July 3, 2017, https://www.versobooks.com/blogs/3306-the-colonial-logic-of-grenfell. 7
8. Catherine Fennell, Last Project Standing: Civics and Sympathy in Post-Welfare Chicago (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2015). 8
9. Chad Friedrichs, dir., The Pruitt-Igoe Myth (First Run Features, 2011). 9
10. Jenny Gross, “Once A Housing Project, Now Prime London Real Estate,” Wall Street Journal, November 6, 2012. 10
11. Dolores Hayden, The Grand Domestic Revolution: A History of Feminist Designs for American Homes, Neighborhoods, and Cities (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1981). 11
12. Frances Holliss, Beyond Live/Work: The Architecture of Home-based Work (London: Routledge, 2015). 12
13. Anthony D. King, The Bungalow: The Production of a Global Culture (London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1984). 13
14. Andrew Marcum, “Rethinking the American Dream Home: The Disability Rights Movement and the Cultural Politics of Accessible Housing in the United States,” in Disabling Domesticity, ed. Michael Rembis (New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2017): 103–135. 14
15. Richard Marosi, “Mexico’s Housing Debacle,” Los Angeles Times, November 26, 2017, http://www.latimes.com/projects/la-me-mexico-housing. 15
16. Justin McGuirk, Radical Cities: Across Latin America in Search of a New Architecture (New York: Verso, 2014). 16
17. Susanne Schindler, “The Bronx’s Lambert Houses and the Two Sides of Preservation,” Urban Omnibus, April 1, 2015. 17
18. Anooradha Iyer Siddiqi, “Architecture Culture, Humanitarian Expertise,” Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians 76, no. 3 (September 2017): 367–384. 18
19. Space Caviar, ed., SQM: The Quantified Home (Zurich: Lars Müller Publishers, 2014). 19
20. This Old House, 40 seasons, created by Russell Morash (WGBH-TV/This Old House Ventures, 1979–present). 20
21. Kate Wagner, “McMansion, USA,” Jacobin, November 9, 2017. 21
22. Evelyn Waugh, Brideshead Revisited (London: Chapman and Hall, 1945). 22
23. Eyal Weizman, Hollow Land: Israel’s Architecture of Occupation (New York: Verso, 2007). 23
Footnotes on Housing is a project of Columbia Books on Architecture and the City, an imprint of the Graduate School of Architecture, Planning, and Preservation.
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